Session 2:
Who am I?
Session overview
Session Two explores two main themes. Firstly, it provides an understanding of who we are and the factors that make up the identity that defines who we are. Secondly, it introduces the idea that we intrinsically believe that this person, this identity, makes all of our choices.
Students meet Ella and begin reading her story. In the first episode, we begin to understand the two sides of Ella — outwardly popular and confident but inwardly awkward, self-conscious and unsure. Through her fashion channel, she explores different facets of her own identity but sometimes at the expense of those closest to her. Her friend, Kwan, understands Ella's feelings all too well and thinks he has found a kindred spirit who understands what life is like for him. However, when she subsequently ridicules him, Kwan's world begins to crumble, and he realises she's "just like everyone else".
A culture that values and welcomes every student into the school and encourages them to develop their individuality while also exploring their diversity is critical in helping young people understand their place in the world. This second session invites students to investigate their roots and any factors that make up their identities. Young people must spend time thinking about and finding out who they are and who they want to be by developing self-knowledge, a sense of self, articulating their aspirations, discovering talents and interests, or finding out what places they like to be in and who inspires them. It may also include learning about their faith and spirituality or issues relating to gender, sexuality, race, ethnicity, and disability.
The session provides an opportunity to explore their own identity explicitly. Recognising and affirming this is crucial in building personal strength, for a clear sense of identity is strongly linked to being resilient to negative influence. At one end of the spectrum, such resilience prevents them from being led by peers to engage in low-level antisocial behaviour. At the same time, at the other, it can help them to avoid serious harm (e.g. the lure of gangs and drugs, the threat of criminal or sexual exploitation or the danger of becoming radicalised). What's more, fostering a positive sense of identity enables young people to appreciate and value all the elements that make up their unique selves and build a strong sense of belonging, self-worth, wellbeing and purpose.
After examining key elements that contribute to our identities (scaffolded by you as the facilitator), students will begin working with Ella's Story to explore the critical facets of her identity. The story acts as a proxy to subtly examine practices commonly used by many young people (such as the use of social media to define a person's worth), encouraging them to begin questioning the world around them.
A. Key takeaways
Help young people to understand their place in the world
Understand the concept and construct of ‘identity’
Understand that even ‘good people’ can make ‘bad choices’
Encouraging young people to try new experiences, learn new skills and meet new people will help them discover what they do like and who they do and don't want to be in life, allowing them to find their place in the world.
B. Resources required
All resources can be found at the foot of this page
❏ Teacher notes for Session Two
❏ Checklist for Session Two
❏ Slide pack for Session Two
❏ Worksheet(s)
C. Terminology introduced
Example definitions of key terminology are included but, wherever possible, pupils should be encouraged to develop their own agreed descriptions of the words used.
Authentic self - Being your true authentic self means what you say in life aligns with what your actions. Your authentic self goes beyond what you do for a living, what possessions you own, or who you are to someone (mom, brother, girlfriend). It is who you are at your deepest core.
Intrinsically motivated - Intrinsic motivation is defined as the doing of an activity for its inherent satisfaction rather than for some separable consequence. When intrinsically motivated, a person is moved to act for the fun or challenge entailed rather than because of external products, pressures, or rewards.
Growth mindset - A growth mindset means believing that your abilities and successes can improve with continued resilience, effort, and learning. Having a growth mindset is important when facing new challenges in life, like starting a new job, moving to a new school, or even trying a new sport!
Cognitive resources - Cognitive resources refers to the idea that a person has a certain cognitive capacity, which can be used for carrying out various tasks, essentially, it's what is commonly described as your brain power!
Please note any other new terminology used and share it with Lime with as part of this pilot.
Further reading:
Center for Urban Research & Learning (2007). Chicago Freedom School executive summary. Chicago: Loyola University Chicago
McKay, C. (2011). The resilient community: implications for out of school programming. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 28 Journal, 28-373. doi:10.1007/s10560-0240-2
Starter activity: What do you think of me?
Students will learn about the critical elements of identity, using these to explain and describe particular factors that make up their own and others' identities.
The idea is to help them better understand some of the 'characteristics of identity' to see that numerous factors and the unique blend of these contribute to how a person feels, chooses to behave and reacts in certain situations. This will enable them to focus on the 'goals' of identity formation introduced later in the session.
FACILITATOR TIP:
Before you begin, recap and review ground rules as a class.
Discuss any rules created which worked well, together with any that didn't work - do they need to change? Make amendments if needed. Ensure pupils are clear why ground rules are used and why they are so important.
ASK:
Who would you say I am?
(Teacher/facilitator to pose the question about themself (or a person well known to students))
or
If I were a character in a book or film, what characteristics would I have?
Students should briefly describe what they think defines the teacher’s/facilitator's/character’s identity.
Using Worksheet 2a: My Identity, plot the things that students’ suggest against the headings shown. You may need to explain some of the terminology used e.g. aspirations, morals, etc.
When initial ideas are exhausted, focus specifically on the 'nationality/ethnicity/gender' category. Explain that lots of organisations, like governments, use these parts of our identity to classify or group us for different reasons, e.g. organising services that might be needed by certain groups of people more than others. One of these, ethnicity, is an integral part of each of our cultural backgrounds and, therefore, our identity. If there is time, it may be helpful to ask pupils to share an understanding of their own ethnic group and culture to promote a better understanding of diversity.
NB: there is a natural tendency to focus on the ‘whats’ i.e. you are tall, happy, have blonde hair, etc. However, this doesn’t describe the ‘who’ of what we are. Allow pupils to describe the what’s.
ASK:
But do these things describe who I am and what’s important to me?
EXPLAIN:
Identity goes much deeper than this. Today we will be focusing on the subject of identity. We’ve briefly looked at how this is formed and the things that influence it. Fundamentally, there are three parts or ‘goals’ to identity formation:
Discovering and developing our own personal potentials.
These are things that a person can do better than other things.
ASK:
How might we discover what those potentials are?
EXPLAIN:
2. Choosing our purpose in life.
This requires thinking deeply and consciously about the things that we feel are important to us as individuals (i.e. our ‘purpose’) and motivate us to want to act.
To achieve substantial success in fulfilling this purpose, our objectives need to match with our talents and skills (our authentic self).
To choose a purpose that’s not compatible with our capabilities is usually a recipe for frustration and ultimately failure.
3. Finding opportunities to implement potential and purpose.
Once we know what we’re good at, and what motivates or drives our purpose, it’s important to seek out opportunities that enable us to act upon it.
This means being open to trying new things, overcoming any fears we might have and being comfortable with the fact that sometimes, as a result, things might not always fall into place the first time around, just like we saw in the growth mindset film.
Introduce the key takeaways for today's session
FACILITATOR NOTE:
It's important to remember that identity is never 'final' and continues to develop throughout our lives. Understanding and being secure in our own skin increases self-esteem and reduces the risk of depression and anxiety. When people are doing what they feel is right for them, they are happy. When people misrepresent themselves or present themselves in out-of-character ways to impress others, the behaviour is unnatural and psychologically exhausting. It requires greater cognitive resources because the mind is filled with self-doubt, self-consciousness, and negative thoughts. When people look to others in helping them define who they should be, how they should look, and what they should do, they risk acting in ways that impact their health (e.g. eating disorders are due, in part, to concerns about body appearance; alcohol and drug use are related to peer pressure and acceptance, etc.).
Activity one: Ella's story
Students should read through the first episode of the interactive story, which can be done either individually or alternatively as a whole-class guided reading. Students should use the accompanying Worksheet 2b: Ella’s Identity to capture any observations they make as they work through the episode.
This activity builds upon the concept of identity introduced in the Starter Activity but now focusing on Ella. It's often the case that we don't consciously think of how we build our identities, and consequently, it's easy for all kinds of external factors to influence them. However, we need to be more thoughtful about the identities we want to have, bring our purpose and personal potential into alignment, and then find opportunities to 'live' these things.
Task students to record information against the six categories shown on the Worksheet (Beliefs/Values/Morals; Personal Characteristics; What I value most; Events that changed me; Personal hopes & aspirations; Nationality/Ethnicity/Gender).
As well as understanding the concepts introduced, it's also essential to help students develop practical skills, such as time management, assigning and fulfilling designated roles, teamwork, etc.
EXPLAIN:
We're going to be looking at the character of Ella and the story of her life. Ella is a bit like all of you. She's at school, she's got her concerns and worries, and she's doing her best to find out her potential and purpose, as well as opportunities to be the person she hopes to become.
Read through Episode 1. Then, working in your group, capture the critical points using Worksheet 2: Identity that you feel have impacted Ella's identity.
Activity two: Who is she?
During this activity, you will facilitate a discussion around the findings of students’ exploration of Ella’s character and identity.
The purpose of this is to show firstly that the formation and development of identity is highly complex. Secondly, it shows the relationship between our identities and the decisions we make (i.e. the purpose of our identity — see scenarios 1 and 2); and finally, it introduces the idea that sometimes, people who are closest to us and whom we trust, act in ways that we consider to be insensitive to our needs (see scenario 3). Conversely, there are sometimes people who are influential, but we shouldn’t necessarily place such high trust in them.
EXPLAIN:
The two contrasting pictures provide an opportunity for us to explore Ella’s identity.
(with reference to the ‘events that changed me’ section of Worksheet 2b:
She seems to be ignored by her parents because of the demands made by her siblings and the extent to which this occupies her parents
Being chosen for the school football team shows a stark contrast in her demeanour (although, as we see in the scene, her achievement is ignored)
We then hear what Ella’s thinking as she remembers these events:
“I LEARNED TO GET ON WITH THINGS AND MAKE MY OWN CHOICES, I STOPPED NEEDING ANYONE ELSE…AND WHEN YOU DON’T NEED PEOPLE, IT BECOMES EASIER TO SEE THEM JUST AS A WAY TO GET WHAT YOU WANT…BUT I GUESS THAT MEANT OTHERS GOT CAUGHT IN THE CROSSFIRE.”
ASK:
How does this make Ella feel? (e.g. insecure, unloved)
Are her parents acting badly, or simply preoccupied with other things?
What impact might these two scenes have on the choices Ella makes? Look specifically at her comment ‘IT BECOMES EASIER TO SEE…'
ASK:
What’s happening here?
The scenes depict the different perspectives of Kwan and Ella after Ella posts a video in which she negatively describes her friends.
Bring out the contrasting moods of Kwan and Ella.
Both characters are reacting to the same event, so why is their expression different?
Sometimes, we can view the same event very differently depending on our perspective. Ella is thinking about her online audience and perhaps not considering how her video makes her 'real-life' friends feel. Ella could be said to be developing her personal persona, but it is only one facet of her identity (i.e. the online appearance of her persona) and at what expense? In contrast, Kwan appears unhappy, perhaps feeling betrayed by a so-called trusted friend who seems to be attacking his identity, and in a very public way. This scene also offers the opportunity to talk about social media use more broadly (picked up in detail during Session 8).
What might this tell us about identity?
It’s complex, multifaceted and situations can have very different effects on how we see ourselves. It also shows that our identities can be shaped deliberately (i.e. Ella is quite clearly cultivating a particular identity, perhaps at the expense of others) or by circumstance (i.e. Kwan is reacting to feeling that his identity has been attacked). We often respond based upon our own psychological needs at that particular time, a theme that is further developed in Session 3.
EXPLAIN:
Here we see Ella’s conversation with Kwan. Kwan enquires if she’s ok but initially her response is insensitive. Kwan opens up about his own feelings of being ignored, while Ella is so popular. She admits that none of it is really her, pointing out that followers on social media are not real friends before admitting:
“I’M NOT SURE I KNOW WHAT REAL FRIENDS REALLY ARE”
Kwan perseveres, saying that he thought he had been one of her friends, prompting a discussion about why they’re no longer so close. Kwan continues to open up, confessing that this was because of her brother, Marcus, who gave him a really hard time. She brushes this off as just banter and that Kwan simply needed to front up. Ella’s phone rings and she immediately dashes off, telling Kwan she misses their friendship.
In the next scene, Ella is reflecting on the impact some of her words and actions have had on others.
“AND I JUST DIDN’T SEE WHAT I WAS DOING TO THOSE AROUND ME”
This comment begins to articulate that we don’t always think about the impact we have on others, but that we should perhaps be more mindful. This sets up the question at the end as to whether Ella is a ‘bad person’ or merely acting badly in that instance.
In the following scene, we see Ella making fun of Samira and Kwan, mocking their fashion sense and posting it on her social media channel to generate likes/praise/acceptance. This raises a question about how we use social media and how we often derive a sense of worth from people we don't know by belittling those we do. Kwan is mortified as he reads it, exposing a need for the support of his friends, his circle of trust.
Remind students that the scene opens with Ella remembering past events that led her to the moment where she is stood contemplating her next choice.
What can they take from this?
ASK:
Based upon what you’ve seen and read:
Do you feel that Ella is a bad person?
If we react in the wrong way and do the wrong thing, are we doing the same thing to others and therefore equally ‘bad’?
Perhaps inadvertently, but certainly thoughtlessly Ella insults Kwan, saying she always saw him as a little brother. Kwan appears rejected and belittled.
How should we act? As we want others to act towards us?
What could Ella have done if she was feeling like that? (this needs to relate to later session and “If I just told Mum” activity, which brings in research around the importance of having a trusted adult - this also links to later activities around ‘circle of trust’).
Why do those we like/love sometimes treat us in this way? (e.g. Ella’s Mum and Dad in the case of Ella, and Ella in the case of Kwan)
Are they bad people, or good people acting thoughtlessly?
We’ll explore this idea in more detail later in the programme, but for now, let’s think about what we now understand about identity, why it’s important and how it’s formed.
Plenary: Understanding identity - final thoughts
EXPLAIN:
Today we’ve learned that:
We all have an identity.
The ‘goal’ of identity is about discovering and developing our own personal potentials, choosing our purpose and finding opportunities to match the two.
This is really nothing more than a process of trial-and-error. It requires exposure to a wide array of activities, some of which we become able to do relatively well. We recognise this through the feedback we receive from others and our own positive feelings about those activities and towards ourselves. These activities 'feel right' to us, and our feelings provide valuable clues. We are intrinsically motivated to do these activities. However, the development of skills and talent requires time, effort, and a willingness to tolerate frustration when encountering obstacles, sometimes referred to as a growth mindset.
Our identity ultimately drives our actions. ‘Who we are’ is therefore critical to the choices we make and the future we build, so we owe it to ourselves to think really carefully about the identity we want to develop, the person whom we want to be.
Next time we’ll look at how this sense of identity can be influenced by others.
Delivery resources
Delivery checklist
Worksheet(s)
Slides (PDF)
Slides (PowerPoint)